Tanween is a silent nun added to the end of a noun in pronunciation but not in writing. It appears as two dhammahs, two kasrahs, or two fathahs. It is divided into three types: the damma tanween (qalamun – kitabun), which is written on the last letter; the kasrah tanween (qalamin – kitabin), which is written under the last letter; and the fatha tanween (bookan – penan), which is written on the alif if the word does not end with a ta marbuta or a hamza on the line. In these cases, the exception is (madrasan – shay’an).